Bouteloua curtipendula
Sideoats Grama

Family: Poaceae
Large, often rhizomatous, perennial grass, can be tufted or not, reaching 2-almost 4’ tall. Florets and seeds often hang to one side, giving it its namesake. The small seed heads are deciduous, and leave a narrow wiggly pattern with small nodules where they have detached from the flower spike.

Full to part sun, best on irrigation but can exist in areas where water collects naturally without extra. Reseed readily where there is extra moisture in the low desert. This plant is winter dormant; cut back in February.

Native grasses are extremely important plants for wildlife: as nesting material for birds as well as native bees and other insects, as habitat for many organisms, and as food: adult insects eat the foliage, granivorous birds depend on many species for seeds, and most grass species are used as larval hosts for many species of butterflies and moths, especially skippers.

Bouteloua curtipendula on iNaturalist

Photo by Patrick Alexander, SEINET

Butterflies that favor this plant as a larval host include:

Many-Spotted Skipperling (Piruna aea ssp. mexicana)

Oslar's Roadside-Skipper (Amblyscirtes oslari)

Elissa Roadside-Skipper (Amblyscirtes elissa)

Morrison's Skipper (Stinga morrisoni)

White-barred Skipper (Atrytonopsis pittacus)

Sheep Skipper (Atrytonopsis edwardsi)

Many bee species collect the pollen of many species of grasses. All can be used for desert tortoise enclosures, though the more spreading types are better for keeping up with a tortoise appetite.

Grasses also play an important role in the ecology of soil, and because they are monocots, they can be planted close to other species of plants (the nature of the root systems of monocots renders them less imposing on neighboring plants). They hold soil down and help prevent erosion. Many species are pioneer plants that convert disturbed soils into hospitable places for other plants.

Sideoats grama is the state grass of Texas. Tewa, Zuni and Hopi make tools such as brooms and brushes out of the stems; Hopi use the fibers for basketry; used medicinally and ceremonially by the Ramah Navajo; seeds used to make porridge and bread, and even as a cash crop by the White Mountain Apache. Bouteloua named for brothers Claudio (1774-1842) and Esteban (1776-1813) Boutelou Agraz, Spanish botanists and horticulturalists. The species epithet comes from Latin curtus "shortened" and pendulus "hanging".

Found in open grasslands, limestone outcrops, rocky slopes, woodlands and forest openings from 2,500-7,000 ft. in much of North America, especially common in the Great Plains and Southwest; from Canada south through Mexico to western South America. It is currently listed as a threatened species in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is considered as an endangered species in Connecticut.

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Blue Grama (Bouteloua gracilis)